What causes land pollution?

The correct answer is founded on the understanding that improper disposal of hazardous materials is a significant contributor to land pollution. When hazardous waste, such as chemicals, batteries, or medical waste, is not disposed of correctly, it can leach into the soil, leading to contamination. This not only affects the immediate environment but also poses health risks to humans and wildlife. Contaminated soil can disrupt ecosystems, harm plant growth, and contaminate groundwater supplies, making it critical to manage hazardous materials responsibly.

While natural disasters, urban development, and industrial emissions can have various environmental impacts, they do not directly relate to the practices of waste disposal. Natural disasters can alter landscapes and introduce pollutants, but they are not a form of consistent land pollution like poor waste disposal practices. Urban development may lead to land degradation and increased waste, but the pollution itself is often a result of the improper handling of materials. Industrial emissions primarily affect air quality but can contribute to land pollution indirectly through deposited pollutants, making the handling of hazardous materials a more direct cause.