What is the result of chemical weathering on rocks?

The result of chemical weathering on rocks primarily involves the transformation of their chemical composition. Unlike physical weathering, which only alters the appearance or structure of the rock without changing its internal chemical makeup, chemical weathering leads to chemical reactions that change the minerals within the rock. This can occur through processes such as hydrolysis, oxidation, and carbonization, where minerals react chemically with water, oxygen, or carbon dioxide in the environment.

For instance, feldspar (a common mineral in granite) can undergo hydrolysis to form clay minerals, freeing potassium ions into the soil. This transformation can significantly affect the rock's properties and can result in the formation of new minerals altogether. The changes in chemical composition often lead to a reduction in the rock's hardness and make it more susceptible to physical breakup, enhancing the overall weathering process.