What is the role of a solvent in a solution?

In a solution, the role of a solvent is integral, as it is the substance in which the solute is dissolved. Solvents have the capability to break apart and surround solute particles, allowing them to disperse uniformly throughout the solution. This process occurs at the molecular level, where interactions between the solvent molecules and solute particles lead to the solute becoming incorporated into the solvent. For instance, when salt is added to water, the water molecules surround the individual sodium and chloride ions, effectively dissolving the salt and resulting in a homogeneous mixture.

In understanding this role, it becomes clear that a solvent does not primarily provide color, separate solute and solvent, or change the state of the solution. Its main function is to facilitate the dissolution of solutes, making option B the correct and accurate description of a solvent’s purpose within a solution.