What term describes a river with fast rapids, waterfalls, and a steep gradient?

A river characterized by fast rapids, waterfalls, and a steep gradient is referred to as a youth river. This stage of river development is known for its vigorous flow and high energy, which results in the formation of features such as rapids and waterfalls. Youth rivers are typically found in mountainous regions where the terrain is steep, promoting rapid water movement.

During this phase, the river is actively cutting through rock and soil, which can lead to the deepening of the riverbed. The steep gradient allows for higher velocity, which is essential for eroding the landscape and transporting sediments downstream. This youthful stage contrasts with other stages of river development, such as mature and old-age rivers, which have more gentle gradients and are primarily characterized by meandering paths and sediment deposition rather than erosion.

Understanding river stages is important in studies of geology and hydrology, as it can influence local ecosystems and landforms.