What term refers to organisms that produce their own food in ecosystems?

The term that refers to organisms that produce their own food in ecosystems is autotrophs. Autotrophs are capable of converting inorganic substances, such as carbon dioxide and water, into organic compounds through processes like photosynthesis or chemosynthesis. This ability allows them to serve as primary producers within ecosystems, forming the base of the food chain.

In contrast, consumers rely on other organisms for their nourishment, while decomposers break down dead organic material and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem. Heterotrophs, which include all organisms that cannot produce their own food and must consume others for energy, are also distinct from autotrophs. Thus, autotrophs play a crucial role in sustaining ecosystems by generating the necessary energy and organic matter that support various life forms.