What type of material allows electric charges to flow easily?

The correct answer is that a conductor is defined as a material that allows electric charges to flow easily. Conductors typically have free electrons that are loosely bound to their atoms, which enables them to move readily through the material when an electric field is applied. This movement of electrons is what constitutes an electric current.

Common examples of good conductors include metals such as copper and aluminum. These materials are often used in electrical wiring and circuits because they facilitate the efficient transfer of electrical energy.

In contrast, insulators, such as rubber and glass, possess tightly bound electrons that do not move freely, making it difficult for electric charges to flow. Semiconductors, like silicon and germanium, have electrical conductivity that falls between insulators and conductors, and their ability to conduct electricity can be modified by adding impurities (doping) or changing temperature. Superconductors are materials that can conduct electricity with zero resistance at very low temperatures, but they represent a specific and unique category distinct from typical conductors.