Which river type is characterized by flooding that creates floodplains?

The characteristic of flooding that creates floodplains is most associated with mature rivers. In their middle stage of development, mature rivers have enough flow and volume to erode their banks, which leads to the gradual formation of floodplains. These floodplains are created through the deposition of sediment during periods of flooding, which occurs when the river overflows its banks due to heavy rain or snowmelt.

Mature rivers also exhibit features such as wider channels and the beginning of meandering, which further contribute to the formation of these fertile floodplains. These floodplains can be crucial for ecosystems and agriculture, as they are often rich in nutrients brought by sediment during flood events. Understanding the dynamics of mature rivers helps in the management of flood risks and land use planning in their surrounding areas.