Which type of species interaction occurs when both species benefit?

Mutualism is the type of species interaction where both species involved derive benefits from the relationship. This can manifest in various forms, such as bees pollinating flowers while obtaining nectar for themselves; here, both the bees and the plants thrive from the interaction—the plants get their reproduction process aided, while the bees acquire food. In a mutualistic relationship, the benefit gained is crucial for the survival and reproduction of both species, making it an essential aspect of ecological balance.

In contrast, parasitism involves one species benefiting at the expense of another, and commensalism describes a relationship where one party benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. Predation is characterized by one organism preying on another, which does not align with the mutual benefit aspect either. Thus, mutualism stands out as the correct answer, since it specifically signifies a scenario where both species enjoy a favorable outcome together.